The ravages of war: challenges and resilience in medical education in Sudan

The armed conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) beginning on April 15, 2023, has thrust Sudan into a worsening humanitarian crisis, severely affecting all aspects of Sudanese life, including medical education and healthcare systems. This commentary explores the current state of medical training in Sudan amidst this conflict and discusses potential strategies to address the challenges faced by both students and educators. Following a comprehensive literature review of articles using keywords, and published from 2015 to the present, 2024, the challenges were categorized into issues related to the curriculum, educational resources, wellbeing of students and educators, human resources, and oversight by governing bodies. The proposed solutions involve the government, humanitarian organizations, medical schools, and innovative curricular strategies. Partnerships and the involvement of the Sudanese diaspora are crucial for situational assessment and execution of culturally sensitive, contextualized solutions. Alliances with other medical schools can facilitate the relocation of students and faculty. Faculty development programs and student support are paramount during this phase. Deploying distant learning strategies combined with small group learning, such as e-learning, problem- based learning (PBL), team-based learning (TBL), and ambulatory teaching, can mitigate some adversities in the Sudanese educational experience during war. Implementing collaborative evaluations and solutions can help Sudan's educational system navigate the conflict, enhance resilience, promote healthcare, and facilitate planning for the post- conflict period.