A strategy to enhance e-safety among first-year students at Zimbabwean universities: an action research

The widespread use of ICT offers considerable opportunities to society. However, there is ample evidence that students are exposed to various e-Safety challenges and risks through the use of ICT. Most Zimbabwean students who are not adequately prepared for e-Safety are now entering universities and are thus exposed to the risks posed by ICT. Therefore, this action research developed a strategy to enhance e-Safety among first-year students in Zimbabwean universities. The overarching research strategy was action research, which used qualitative research methods to collect information on e-Safety, usage and risks students face, and how these risks can be mitigated. Data was collected using an online questionnaire, interviews, observation and netnography. The results showed that the understanding of e-safety issues is still in its infancy. Therefore, an e-safety strategy was formulated to clearly indicate what to report, to whom and how concerning safety. This strategy was based on the overall reflection of the research, which recommended that education plays a central role in e-safety, as perpetrators or victims may not be aware of the challenges of e-safety. Thus, this research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a clear strategy for dealing with e-safety challenges in Zimbabwean universities. Furthermore, this research is important in understanding the future of ICT use in developing countries like Zimbabwe.