Correlates of absenteeism at work, school and social activities during menstruation: Evidence from the 2017/2018 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

Background Menstruation is a biological process which is crucial for human reproduction. Menstruation is a source of absenteeism, yet the subject matter has not been well explored. This study aimed to assess the correlates of absenteeism at school, work and social activities during menstruation among Ghanaian women of reproductive age. Methods This study was an analysis of secondary data from the 2017/18 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Binomial Logistic Regression with the aid of Stata/SE, version 16. Results The majority of the participants were aged 25-49 years (63%), married/in union (55%) and resided in urban areas (52%). Nine in ten participants had access to privacy at home and 98% used menstrual materials during their last period. Eight in ten participants used disposable menstrual materials. Exactly 19% of the participants missed school, work or social activities during their last period. Participants who used disposable menstrual materials (AOR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.52-0.85) were less likely to miss school, work or social activities during menstruation compared to those who used reusable menstrual materials. Conclusion This study demonstrated that a significant minority of women in Ghana miss academic, economic or social activities during menstruation. Therefore, there is a need for effective interventions to help reduce menstruation-related absenteeism among women and girls in Ghana.