Determinants of awareness and implementation of five-stage lesson plan framework among Christian Religious Education teachers in Meru County, Kenya

Approaches, methods, and techniques of teaching Christian Religious Education (CRE) in Kenya have changed over time. Improved teaching strategies such as a five-stage lesson plan framework enhance students' perfor-mance. Despite the novelty of the framework, there is limited information on its spread and utilization among CRE teachers in Kenya. Therefore, this study assessed the determinants of awareness and implementation of the novel five-stage lesson plan framework in Meru County, Kenya. The study sampled 226 CRE teachers using a semi -structured questionnaire. The study employed an Ordered Probit Model to assess the determinants of the num-ber of five-stage lesson plan stages awareness and implemented by the CRE teachers. The Ordered Probit analysis revealed that gender, academic qualification, working experience, and challenges were crucial determinants of awareness and implementation of the five-stage lesson plan framework. The findings implied that policymakers and relevant stakeholders in education should consider pre-service and in-service training, workshops, and seminars in upscaling or promoting the awareness and implementation of the five-stage lesson plan framework. Educational policies targeting improved teaching methods should enhance recognition and operation of the five -stage lesson plan framework.