Lecture method recoil: Effect of formative assessment and simulation activities on the learning outcomes of social studies students

Traditionally, teachers use the face-to-face method, but with the improvement of high technology, such as Internet and video technology, there is the necessity to embrace innovative and student-centred instructional methods. Furthermore, in every formal learning, achieving enduring quality in students' learning outcome depends on well-conceived approaches to assessment that have both simulation and formative functions. For active learning to occur, the teaching style needs to be innovative. The study explored formative assessment and simulation activities effect on Social Studies students' learning outcome. Quasi-experimental as a qualitative research method was employed. The Social Studies Learning Outcome Test (SSLOT) with 25 test items was the tool/instrument for data gathering with Upper Basic 8 students. The study results established that formative assessment had a significant statistical effect on learning outcome of students; simulation activities had a significant statistical effect on learning outcome of students. The study conclusion was that formative assessment/evaluation and simulation activities would advance students' learning outcomes if used for social studies instructions/classrooms; if embraced, formative assessment and simulation activities can be successfully utilized within the regular class period to boost the students learning.