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Determinants of first aid knowledge and basic practice among elementary school teachers in Debre Tabor town, Northcentral Ethiopia
Lower and upper primary learners’ difference in performance and conceptual understanding: Support of interactive mathematics software for Rwanda
Self-determination and mathematics achievement among grade 12 learners in secondary schools
Feature selection and association rule learning identify risk factors of malnutrition among Ethiopian schoolchildren
Differences in uptake of the DREAMS intervention in Lesotho among adolescent girls and young women
Determinants of first aid knowledge and basic practice among elementary school teachers in Debre Tabor town, Northcentral Ethiopia
by Taklual, W.
Background: Pre-hospital school-based Emergency Medical Service (EMS) at school by school personnel is mandatory for saving the pupils from disability and death attributed to injury-related problems. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the determinant factors of first aid knowledge and basic practice among elementary school teachers in Debre Tabor, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was employed in Debre Tabor among 216 elementary school teachers. A simple random sampling technique with proportional allocation was applied for the selection of the study participants. Data entry was done by Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive statistics was performed by using frequency, percentage, and table. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine the significance and strength of association at a 95% confidence interval. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results and Discussion: Our study revealed that 45.8% of study subjects were knowledgeable on first aid. More than 75% of study participants reported that they have encountered a child who needs first aid. Among these, 64% of them provide first aid. The multivariable analysis revealed that service year (AOR=3.51, 95%CI: (1.06, 11.59)), educational status (AOR=12.15, 95%CI: (3.17, 46.67)), previous first aid training (AOR=0.43, 95%CI: (0.21, 0.87)) and information about first aid (AOR=0.12, 95%CI;(0.03, 0.48)) were found to be significantly associated with having knowledge on first aid. Conclusion: School teachers have low knowledge of first aid. Educational status, service year, previous first aid training and information on first aid were the predictors of first aid knowledge. Introducing essential first aid training in the curriculum during teachers’ training shall be considered. © 2020 Taklual et al.
Lower and upper primary learners’ difference in performance and conceptual understanding: Support of interactive mathematics software for Rwanda
by Uwineza I.
The use of technology to enhance classroom practices draws attention from numerous educational systems and scientific studies. Rwanda's educational system prioritized ICT-integrated instructions in primary schools in order to enhance the provision of high-quality education from early years. Therefore, this study was undertaken at both public and private schools in Kigali City. It sought to find out the impact of Interactive Mathematics software (IM) on conceptual understanding and performance in lower and upper elementary mathematics learners. Designed as quasi-experimental, it involved 253 learners from Primary 2 and Primary 4, conveniently assigned to controls and experimental groups. A sample of learners’ test works was used to collect data before and after the treatment. Learners' test scores were collected and analyzed using Excel and SPSS v.23 software. The results showed that P2 and P4 treatment groups’ mean scores differed significantly from each other. The effect was more noticeable at both levels in public schools than in private ones. Based on the significance of mean difference and performance on an item, there was no discernible difference in the impact of Interactive Mathematics aided teaching on lower and upper primary mathematics performance. The study's conclusion included some recommendations for Rwanda Basic Education Board and called for additional, more thorough research on the qualitative facets of IM-supported teaching. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Self-determination and mathematics achievement among grade 12 learners in secondary schools
by Telesia Ahono Atetwe
The study examined the relationship between self-determination and mathematics achievement among grade 12 learners in secondary schools in Kenya. The ex post facto research design was used. A sample size of 445 grade 12 learners was obtained. The self-determination scale was used to collect data. The findings indicate a significant influence, though weak, positive correlation (r = 0.142, n = 396, p = 0.005) between self-efficacy of expectation and mathematics achievement; a significant, though weak, positive correlation (r = 0.182, n = 396, p < 0.05) between internal locus of control and mathematics achievement; very weak positive correlation (r = 0.088), but no significant correlation [n = (396) r = 0.088, p = 0.080 (ns)] between the level of learner self-knowledge and mathematics achievement; and finally, a weak, positive correlation [n = (396), r = 0.192, p < 0.05] between learner level of self-instruction and mathematics achievement. The study recommends that teachers should play a role in helping learners develop the self-determination resources by providing autonomy-supportive classrooms. © 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Feature selection and association rule learning identify risk factors of malnutrition among Ethiopian schoolchildren
by Zekele Mekonnen
Introduction: Previous studies have sought to identify risk factors for malnutrition in populations of schoolchildren, depending on traditional logistic regression methods. However, holistic machine learning (ML) approaches are emerging that may provide a more comprehensive analysis of risk factors. Methods: This study employed feature selection and association rule learning ML methods in conjunction with logistic regression on epidemiological survey data from 1,036 Ethiopian school children. Our first analysis used the entire dataset and then we reran this analysis on age, residence, and sex population subsets. Results: Both logistic regression and ML methods identified older childhood age as a significant risk factor, while females and vaccinated individuals showed reduced odds of stunting. Our machine learning analyses provided additional insights into the data, as feature selection identified that age, school latrine cleanliness, large family size, and nail trimming habits were significant risk factors for stunting, underweight, and thinness. Association rule learning revealed an association between co-occurring hygiene and socio-economical variables with malnutrition that was otherwise missed using traditional statistical methods. Discussion: Our analysis supports the benefit of integrating feature selection methods, association rules learning techniques, and logistic regression to identify comprehensive risk factors associated with malnutrition in young children. 2023 Russel, Perry, Bonzani, Dontino, Mekonnen, Ay and Taye.
Differences in uptake of the DREAMS intervention in Lesotho among adolescent girls and young women
by Mahlape Phakoe
The Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-Free, Mentored, and Safe (DREAMS) Partnership is an initiative to reduce new HIV infections in Adolescent Girls and Young Women (AGYW) in 15 sub-Saharan countries. It is implemented through the delivery of a comprehensive package of evidence-based approaches and interventions in health, but also with an emphasis on addressing key drivers of high HIV prevalence in AGYW including poverty, gender inequality, sexual violence, lack of education, and social isolation and exclusion, which limit access to information, support, services, and livelihood opportunities. This study aimed to investigate the DREAMS initiative in Lesotho by comparing AGYW and their caregivers who had received two or more of the intervention services to match peers who had not yet participated in the program. A random sample of 150 AGYW were selected from implementing partner intervention lists, 126 (84%) of whom were enrolled. While HIV status was unknown, Dreamers across all age groups reported lower levels of sexual risk (OR 1.28; CI 1.01–1.63) and higher levels of self-efficacy (OR 0.85; CI 0.78–0.93). Dreamers were also more likely to have access to savings (Chi-Square 9.1, df 3, p < 0.05) as well as a plan for how to spend the money they earn (Chi-Square 11.0, df 4, p < 0.05). The parenting program was less successful with no meaningful difference being observed between the two groups of caregivers. These findings suggest that such AGYW in Lesotho who have participated in the initiative have shown improvements in their psychosocial and financial wellbeing as compared to their peers. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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